Madhyamik Mathematics Suggestion Chapter 2 | সরল সুদকষা Question and Answer
Madhyamik Mathematics Suggestion – Chapter 2 focuses on সরল সুদকষা (Simple Interest). This chapter deals with the relationship between principal, interest, rate and time and includes different types of numerical problems based on simple interest.
The practice material below has been organised into MCQs, True or False questions, fill-in-the-blanks, short-answer questions and descriptive problems so that Class 10 students can revise the chapter in a structured way.
Simple Interest: Basic Concept
Simple interest is the additional amount received or paid on a principal over a specified period at a specified rate. In this chapter, students need to understand the connection between the principal, rate of interest, time, interest and amount.
The source also uses the terms উত্তমর্ণ and অধমর্ণ while discussing lending and borrowing. Understanding these terms is useful for solving the word problems included in this chapter.
সরল সুদকষা MCQ Questions
These one-mark questions test quick understanding of the basic relationships used in simple-interest calculations.
True or False Questions
These questions are useful for checking whether the basic concepts of simple interest and lending relationships are clear.
Fill in the Blanks
Important Simple Interest Formula
The numerical problems in this chapter can be organised around the relationship between principal, rate, time and interest. Students should be comfortable rearranging the formula according to the information given in a problem.
| Quantity | Meaning | Common Symbol |
|---|---|---|
| Principal | Original amount of money | P |
| Rate | Annual rate of interest | R |
| Time | Period for which the money is invested or borrowed | T |
| Simple Interest | Interest earned or paid on the principal | SI |
| Amount | Principal plus interest | A |
Long Answer Questions: 5 Marks
The descriptive problems in this section require students to show the calculation clearly. Writing the formula first and then substituting the known values makes the solution easier to follow.
1. Simple Interest and Rate Calculation
Problem: Find the annual rate of simple interest when the interest on ₹500 for 4 years is ₹100. Also determine the annual rate when ₹910 becomes ₹955.50 in 2 years 6 months under simple interest.
Principal = ₹500
Interest = ₹100
Time = 4 years
Therefore, the annual rate is 5%.
Principal = ₹910
Amount = ₹955.50
Interest = ₹955.50 − ₹910 = ₹45.50
Time = 2 years 6 months = 2.5 years
Using the simple-interest relationship, the annual rate is 2%.
2. Distribution of ₹28,000 Between a Son and Daughter
Problem: A person leaves ₹28,000 for his 13-year-old son and 15-year-old daughter. The money is to be invested at 10% simple interest so that when each reaches 18 years of age, both receive equal amounts including interest. Find the amount allocated to each.
Age = 13 years
Time to reach 18 = 5 years
Age = 15 years
Time to reach 18 = 3 years
Let the amount allocated to the son be x. Then the daughter's share is ₹28,000 − x.
Using the 10% simple-interest condition and equating the two final amounts gives:
₹28,000 − x = ₹15,000
Therefore, the source's solution gives ₹13,000 for the son and ₹15,000 for the daughter.
3. Finding Time from Principal, Rate and Amount
Problem: A sum of ₹800 is deposited in a bank at 10% simple interest. The total amount received is ₹1,200. Find the period for which the money remained deposited.
Rate: 10% per annum
Amount: ₹1,200
First find the simple interest:
The required time is then obtained by applying the simple-interest formula.
4. Repayment of a Cooperative Society Loan
Problem: A farmer borrows ₹25,000 from an agricultural cooperative society at 5% annual simple interest. At the end of the first year, he repays ₹15,000 from the borrowed amount. Find the amount he needs to pay at the end of the second year to clear the remaining loan.
Annual rate: 5%
First-year repayment: ₹15,000
The calculation requires the interest for the applicable period and the remaining principal after the first repayment. The final repayment is then obtained by adding the applicable simple interest to the remaining amount.
Short Answer Questions: 2 Marks
Use the relationship between principal, interest, rate and time. Since the amount becomes double, the interest is equal to the original principal.
Compare the amount of interest required in each case and use the direct relationship between simple interest and time when the principal and rate remain fixed.
Let the principal be P and use the simple-interest formula with the given relationship between rate and time.
Find the rate separately in each case and then compare the two percentages.
Simple Interest: Important Relationships
Several questions in this chapter are based on changing one quantity while keeping the others fixed. Understanding these relationships makes numerical problems much easier.
| Conditions | Relationship to Remember |
|---|---|
| Principal and rate fixed | Interest is directly proportional to time |
| Principal and time fixed | Interest is directly proportional to rate |
| Rate and time fixed | Interest is directly proportional to principal |
| Interest and principal fixed | Rate and time have an inverse relationship |
Key Terms from সরল সুদকষা
| Term | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Principal | The original sum of money |
| Interest | The additional amount received or paid on the principal |
| Amount | Principal plus interest |
| Rate of Interest | The percentage charged or earned for a specified period |
| Uttamarn | The lender in the terminology used by the source |
| Adhamarn | The borrower in the terminology used by the source |
How to Prepare Chapter 2 for Madhyamik Mathematics
Simple Interest is a calculation-based chapter, so students should focus on understanding the relationship between the quantities rather than memorising only final answers. Start with the basic formula and then practise problems where the unknown quantity changes.
- Understand the meaning of principal, interest, rate, time and amount.
- Practise the simple-interest formula regularly.
- Learn how to convert months into years when required.
- Practise finding the unknown principal, rate or time.
- Work through word problems involving loans and deposits.
- Practise questions involving changing or comparing rates.
- Show complete calculation steps in 2-mark and 5-mark answers.
Chapter 2 Revision Summary
| Section | What to Practise |
|---|---|
| MCQ | Rate, principal, time and interest relationships |
| True or False | Basic concepts and terminology |
| Fill in the Blanks | Definitions and relationships |
| 2-Mark Questions | Short calculations and comparisons |
| 5-Mark Questions | Detailed numerical and application-based problems |
More WBBSE Madhyamik Resources
For broader Class 10 preparation, students can explore Cademy's Madhyamik Suggestion 2027 All Subjects resource.
Students can also refer to Cademy's WBBSE Class 10 Madhyamik 2027 Syllabus, Exam Pattern and Preparation Guide for wider examination preparation.
Final Checklist for সরল সুদকষা
- Revise the simple-interest formula.
- Understand the difference between principal and amount.
- Practise finding interest from principal, rate and time.
- Practise finding the rate when interest and other values are given.
- Practise finding time from the given interest information.
- Revise Uttamarn and Adhamarn terminology used in the chapter.
- Practise loan, deposit and repayment-based word problems.
- Write numerical solutions step by step before checking the final answer.